4「和合美化するを以て目的とす。」- 植芝盛平

Original

和合美化するを以て目的とす。

植芝盛平 (Ueshiba, 1977)

Translation

“Make harmonizing and beautifying the purpose.” – Morihei Ueshiba

Bungo Romanization

Wagō bika suru o motte mokuteki tosu.

Morihei Ueshiba

歴史的仮名遣い(語構成を明示)1,2

和合して(わごうして)
麗しく為す(うるはしくなす)
之を以て(これをもて)
的と定むる(まととさだむる)
纏ふ心や(まとふこころや)

Bungo Romanization2

wagō shite
uruwashiku nasu
kore o mote
mato to sadamuru
matofu kokoro ya

Bungo Translation2

A joining concord,
beautifully accomplishing
taking this as is—

determined as the target,
oh, this heart so enveloped.

Notes

1 Historical kana are used where appropriate (e.g., ねりあはし, だましひ), matching bungo orthographic practice (Frellesvig, 2010; Vovin, 2003).

2 Bungo reverse translation into waka/tanka not composed by Ueshiba Morihei; back translation supports critical translation efforts.

Translation, Notes, Commentary, and Research by Latex G. N. R. Space-Coyote

Ueshiba, M. (2025). 植芝盛平道歌–004: Primer-4, harmonious beautification (L. G. N. R. Space-Coyote, Trans.; OpenAI ChatGPT-5 Pro, Ed.). Shugyokai.org. (Original work published 1977) https://shugyokai.org/cd68

(わ; wa)— harmony, peaceful, gentle, kind, warm, temperate.

(ごう; )— join (three mouths, birds in nest).

和合(わごう; wagō)— a dynamic harmonious union; by bringing disparate elements together so they can coexist and complement each other.

(び; bi)— beautiful, pretty, attractive, delicious, tasty.

美化(びか; bika)— beautification in external aesthetics and inward cultivation of beauty/virtue.

するsuru)— サ変動詞「す」連体形 (attributive) → nominalizes the preceding VP “(to) harmonize / beautify” as a thing (the act / state) (Shirane, 2005).

o / wo)— object marker (classical/modern).

以て(もって; motte)— kanbun‑derived preposition / coverb “with / by; taking as; on the basis of” (Asayama, 2023).

(もく; moku)— eye or focus; originally a pictograph of an eye turned vertically. In compounds, it often signifies looking, seeing, or a specific point of focus (see below).

(てき; teki)— target or mark; in its original Chinese context, it referred to a bright spot or a target used in archery (see below); note the kakekotoba as 敵 (teki) enemy that is dominant in this collection of dōka.

目的(もくてき; mokuteki)— objective, goal, target, aim, purpose; in Classical Japanese, 目的 was generally used in a literal, physical sense referring to the mark or bullseye of a target. rather than an abstract one where if one wanted to express “purpose” or “intent”; in Heian/Kamakura times, words like kokorozashi (志) or honnai (本意) were used; in Edo period, ate (当), shushi (趣旨) were used; in Meiji to present era, the transition of mokuteki from “the physical target of an arrow” to “the mental goal of an action” occurred as Japanese scholars began translating English terms like “objective” or “aim” in the late 19th century (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Kankōkai, 2000; Seeley, 1991; Yanabu, 1982).

to)— copular quotative / “as”.

su)— サ変動詞「す」終止形 ‘to do/consider; to make (X as Y)’ (Shirane, 2005).

連体形 nominalization. In 文語, the attributive (連体形) can function substantively—here “(the act of) harmonizing and beautifying” (…する) becomes the object of を (Shirane, 2005; Frellesvig, 2010).

を以て…とす construction. A kanbun‑derived judgement / valuation frame X を以て Y とす = “take X as Y; regard X to be Y,” extremely common in official 文語 registers (Asayama, 2023; Lurie, 2011; Seeley, 2000). Here, X = 和合美化する, and Y = 以て目的.

Semantics of 和合/美化. Wagō evokes joining into harmony; bika evokes “beautifying, ennobling.” Together they condense Ueshiba’s ethical program. The exact formulation appears in printed dōka collections.

Aikido as ritual/ethos. Recent religious‑studies work reads Aikido as ritual practice to “reconstruct the world”—precisely the kind of 和合美化 envisaged here (Niehaus, 2024).

Active transformation. This phrase is about actively transforming human relationships and experience through continued dynamic harmonious unification resulting in sustainment of beautiful, morally uplifting, and spiritually unifying living (see Dōka 8).

解説; Commentary

プライマーの第三原理」が〈心魂一如→顕幽の練り合わせ〉という段取りを締めた流れを受けて、このページの「プライマーの第四原理」は見出しの一句「和合美化するを以て目的とす。」で、稽古のゴール=どういう状態をめざすかをズバッと指さしてくるよ(批判的口語訳:「目標は、和して世と自他を美しくしていくことだ」)。ここで「和合」は「仲よくなる/まじり合う」の両義をもち、「美化」は①美しくすること、②実際以上に美しく見せるという語義もある。また「Xを以て目的とす」は古い言い回しで「Xを目的に定める」の意だね。だから句義としては、関係を調和させ(和合)つつ、ふるまい・場・共同体を美へ向けて磨き上げる(美化)ことを、明確に目的として掲げよ、という読みになる。

ページの英訳も「Set as the goal …」という調子で、目的語を「調和的な統一(harmonious unification)」の方向に置いている。ここで注意したいのは、「美化」の②(粉飾)に落ちないこと。プライマーの第四原理」の文脈では、見栄えの粉飾ではなく、関係・所作・場づくりの「質」を上げる実践として読むのが自然だよ。つまり、第3首でスキのない統一を内面と顕幽にわたって練り上げたその先に、第4首は「調和を通じて世界を美へと向ける」というテロス(目標)をセットせよ、と言っているわけ。口語の批判的訳にすれば、「ゴールはさ、和して世界と自分たちの営みを美しく整えてくこと。」――この目標設定が、日々の稽古の判断基準にもなる。

口語要約のひとこと

「目標はね、和して世のふるまいを美しく整えていくことだ。」

発話行為理論

この一句「和合美化するを以て目的とす。」って、意味(句義)を読むだけでも十分に刺さるんだけど、J. L. Austin (1962)の言う 発話行為 の三層で見ると、刺さり方がもう一段はっきりするよ。要は、文章は「何を言ってるか」だけじゃなくて、「言うことで何をしてるか」、さらに「言われた側に何を起こすか」まで含めて一つの“技”として働く、という見立て。

発語行為(locution):ここは字面どおり、「和合して、美へ向けて磨く、その営みを目的に定めよ」という内容。文語の Xを以て目的とす が、ガチで“目的設定”の型になってる。発語内行為(illocution):で、肝はこっち。これは説明文というより、稽古者に向けて「ゴールをこれに定めろ」と 指令する/勧告する 行為なんだよね(権威や文脈が立ってるから成立するタイプのやつ)。つまり一句そのものが、目的を“述べる”以上に、目的を“セットする”。発語媒介(perlocution):さらに、その指令がうまく効くと、読む側の判断基準が書き換わる。「今日は技が決まったか」よりも、「場が和したか/ふるまいが美へ向かったか」で稽古を測り直しはじめる。ここで言う“美化”は粉飾じゃなくて、関係・所作・共同体の質を上げる方向に効かせるのが筋(②の粉飾に落ちると、発語媒介の副作用として“ただの良い顔”が増える)。

だからこの第四原理、ただの標語じゃなくて、言い放つことで稽古の目的を作動させる 一句なんだよ。で、作動した結果(発語媒介)が、道場の空気・安全・礼・強さの全部に返ってくる。――「和して美へ向かう」を“言葉の意味”として覚えるだけじゃなく、稽古のたびに“効かせる”のが、この句の読みのゴールだね。

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Appendix I: Change Modification Log

22 JAN 26 - Phase V Speech Acts (Austin, 1962) analysis added in Japanese.
24 DEC 25 - Clarified mokuteki based on experience with mokusatsu history.
21 DEC 25 - Phase V styling applied to original text.
25 OCT 25 - Added commentary.
24 OCT 25 - Phase III completion. Phase IV completion.
14 APR 20 - Initial notes transferred.